ISP / Subscriber Network Scale-Out
A reference architecture demonstrating our engineering approach — not a record of a specific deployed customer. No client names, figures or outcomes are attached.
01 Problem
Growing subscriber-facing network infrastructure without losing operational visibility as scale increases.
02 Components
Redundant BGP-speaking edge routers, CGNAT address management, RADIUS subscriber authentication, NetFlow collectors, NOC-facing monitoring dashboard.
03 Traffic flow
Subscriber traffic authenticated via RADIUS before full network access, NAT'd via CGNAT, monitored via NetFlow sampling for capacity and abuse-pattern visibility.
04 Security
Perimeter DDoS mitigation, RADIUS-based subscriber authentication, and NetFlow-based abuse detection at the network edge.
05 Failure scenarios
Redundant upstream BGP paths prevent single-provider outage from taking the network fully offline; documented AS path policy makes failover behaviour predictable rather than surprising.
06 Recovery
Core network configuration and subscriber management system state backed up and restore-tested on a regular cadence, same as any other infrastructure component.
07 Technology options
CGNAT and subscriber management platform choice varies by scale and existing vendor relationships; the architecture principles (redundant routing, authenticated subscriber access, traffic visibility) are consistent regardless.
08 Trade-offs
More redundancy costs more in circuit and equipment spend — sized against actual subscriber criticality and growth trajectory, not maximal redundancy by default.